Free sample · ICC B1

Try a full lesson: How the IRC works and how an inspector uses it

This is a complete lesson from the course (module 1 of 7, Exam outline topic B1.1.1, B1.1.2), followed by 3 practice questions with full explanations. Nothing to sign up for.

Like the way it teaches?The course has a lesson like this for every task in ICC's content outline.

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What this module covers

Code Administration is only 4% of the B1 outline, so expect two or three of the 60 questions. It still comes first, because every later module builds on it. The exam is open book: 60 questions in 2 hours, about two minutes each.

You will learn the IRC's layout, set up your book with tabs, and practice a three-step drill for every question: question type, where to go, what to check. Then two short lessons cover the administrative rules an inspector uses every day.

Keep your own IRC open. We cite chapters, sections and tables by number only and never quote the text.

Finding your way around the IRC

How a section number reads

R403 is Chapter 4, Section 3. Each decimal goes one level deeper: R403.1 sits inside R403, and R403.1.4 is narrower still. Tables and figures carry the number of the section they belong to, so a table numbered under R403.1 lives inside R403.1.

The chapter map

ChapterWhat it holdsInspector use
1Scope and administrationPermits, inspections, certificate of occupancy, violations
2DefinitionsWhat a term means in code language
3Building planningDesign criteria tables, fire separation, rooms, glazing, egress, stairs, alarms, decay, flood
4FoundationsSoils, footings, foundation walls, drainage, dampproofing, under-floor space
5FloorsJoists, spans, notching, subfloor, slabs
6Wall constructionStuds, headers, fastening, bracing, masonry and concrete walls
7Wall coveringInterior finishes, siding, weather barriers, veneer, stucco
8Roof-ceiling constructionRafters, ceiling joists, trusses, attic ventilation and access
9Roof assembliesUnderlayment, roof coverings, reroofing
10Chimneys and fireplacesMasonry and factory-built fireplaces and chimneys
11Energy efficiencyInsulation and envelope (numbered N11xx)
12 to 23MechanicalEquipment, ducts, exhaust, combustion air
24Fuel gasGas piping and appliances
25 to 33PlumbingFixtures, water supply, drainage, vents
34 to 43ElectricalServices, circuits, wiring, devices
44Referenced standardsFull titles of standards the code cites
AppendicesOptional rulesApply only where the jurisdiction adopts them

B1 lives almost entirely in Chapters 1 to 10. Do not spend tabs on the energy and trade chapters.

Two habits that save minutes

  • Chapter 3 is a crossroads. Many rules that feel like "walls" or "foundations" sit in Chapter 3: fire separation, decay protection, flood construction and the climate design table. When a topic is about safety or site conditions, try Chapter 3 first.
  • Use the index for words, the chapter map for topics. If the question uses an odd term, go to the index. If you know the topic, go straight to the chapter.

Your tab plan

ICC allows bound copies of the referenced IRC, and tabs and highlighting are commonly allowed. Check the current ICC candidate bulletin before exam day for the exact rules on tabs and handwritten notes. If you take the exam with the digital book, practice its search tool instead.

Use two rows of tabs so chapters and tables never compete:

Tab rowWhere on the bookTab these
ChaptersSide edge, one tab per chapterChapters 1 to 10, Chapter 44, the index
Key tablesTop edge, in a second colorClimatic and geographic design criteria (R301.2), live loads (R301.5), exterior wall fire separation (R302.1), dwelling and garage separation (R302.6), presumptive soil values (R401.4.1), footing tables (R403.1), foundation wall tables (R404.1), fastening schedule (R602.3), wall bracing (R602.10), floor joist and rafter span tables (R502, R802)

Write the section number on each tab, not a nickname. "R403.1" sends you to the page; "footings" makes you search again. Highlight only section titles and table titles, so your eye can scan the page.

The look-it-up drill

Practice every topic in this form until it is automatic:

Question typeWhere to goWhat to check
Does this work need a permit?Chapter 1, R105The exempt work list, then any local amendment
What does this term mean?Chapter 2, R202The defined term, then the section that uses it
What is the frost depth or snow load?Chapter 3, R301.2 tableThe value the jurisdiction filled in for its area
How close can a wall be to the lot line?Chapter 3, R302.1The right table, sprinklered or not
Is this footing big enough?Chapter 4, R401.4 then R403.1Soil value, number of stories, construction type

What the exam tests here. Speed. Many questions are easy once you are on the right page.

Permits, plans and accepted products

Scope first

Section R101 sets which buildings the IRC covers: detached one and two family dwellings and townhouses within a height limit, plus their accessory structures. A building outside that scope goes to the IBC. Section R102 explains how the IRC relates to other codes and standards. R102.1 settles conflicts inside the code: when sections simply differ, the more restrictive wins, but a specific requirement beats a general one.

Permits and construction documents

  • R105 Permits. Who needs a permit, what work is exempt, how long a permit stays valid and what makes it expire.
  • R106 Construction documents. What the applicant submits, how the jurisdiction reviews it, and what happens to the reviewed set. The inspector checks the work against that reviewed set, so the set must be on site.

Products the code does not name

The IRC cannot list every product. Section R104 gives the jurisdiction's enforcement head, called the AHJ here, the power to accept an alternative material, design or method when the applicant shows it is at least equivalent. Evidence is usually a test report or an evaluation report from an accredited evaluation service. Once accepted, the product is installed according to that acceptance and the manufacturer's instructions.

When a later chapter says a product must be listed or labeled, the inspector's job is to find the evidence: a mark on the product, or paperwork tying it to a testing agency's evaluation for that use. Chapter 2 defines both words; read them there, then note which later sections rely on them.

What the exam tests here. Who decides (the AHJ, on evidence, not the inspector by eye) and that accepted products still follow their installation instructions.

Inspections, notices and the certificate of occupancy

The inspection sequence

Section R109 ties inspections to the stages of the build. Think of it as "look before it gets covered": footings and foundation before concrete, rough-ins before walls close, framing before cover, and a final before move in. Floodplain documentation is checked at its own points where a flood zone applies. Work should not move past a stage until that stage passes. If work is covered too early, the AHJ can require it to be exposed.

When something is wrong

SituationToolWhere
Work does not meet the codeNotice of violationR113
Work is unsafe or against the code and must halt nowStop work orderR114
Applicant disagrees with a decisionAppealR112

Certificate of occupancy

The certificate of occupancy (R110) is the gate between construction and living in the house. The same section deals with temporary certificates for part of a building and with revoking a certificate that was issued in error or on false information.

What the exam tests here. Matching the situation to the right tool and the right stage. Read the scenario for the trigger word: "covered", "unsafe", "disagrees", "move in".

Check yourself

Try the three questions at the end of this module before moving on.

Where to look in your own books

  • IRC 2024 Chapter 1: R101, R102, R104, R105, R106, R109, R110, R112, R113, R114
  • IRC 2024 Chapter 2: R202
  • IRC 2024 Chapter 3: Table R301.2, Table R301.5, Tables R302.1(1) and R302.1(2), Table R302.6
  • IRC 2024 Chapter 4: Table R401.4.1, the R403.1 footing tables, the R404.1 foundation wall tables
  • IRC 2024 Chapter 6: Table R602.3(1), the R602.10 bracing tables
  • IRC 2024 Chapters 5 and 8: the R502 and R802 span tables
  • IRC 2024 Chapter 44 and the index

Practice set

Pick an answer in your head, then open the explanation. Every wrong option is explained too.

1. Code Administration

A homeowner asks whether a small detached storage shed needs a building permit. Where in the IRC does the inspector look first?

  1. Chapter 2, Section R202, under the term for accessory structure
  2. Chapter 3, Section R317, which covers garages and carports
  3. Chapter 1, Section R105, including the list of exempt work
  4. Chapter 4, Section R401, since a shed sits on the ground
Show answer and explanation

Answer: C. Chapter 1, Section R105, including the list of exempt work

Permit requirements and the list of work exempt from a permit are in Chapter 1, Section R105, so that is where the answer starts (then check local amendments). Chapter 2 defines terms but does not say when a permit is needed. Section R317 covers construction of garages and carports, not permits for sheds. Section R401 is the general foundation section and says nothing about permits.

Reference: IRC 2024 Section R105 (permits)
2. Code Administration

At a frame inspection, the inspector finds that insulation and drywall already hide part of the wall framing, which has not been inspected. What can the jurisdiction require?

  1. That the covering be removed so the hidden work can be inspected
  2. Nothing, because the final inspection will cover it
  3. A signed letter from the builder in place of the frame inspection
  4. A note on the certificate of occupancy listing the uninspected wall
Hint: where to look

Where to look: Section R109. Read that part before you pick an answer.

Show answer and explanation

Answer: A. That the covering be removed so the hidden work can be inspected

Section R109 ties inspections to stages, and work is not supposed to proceed past a stage until it passes; covered work can be required to be exposed for inspection. The final inspection cannot see hidden framing, so it does not replace the frame inspection. A builder's letter is not an inspection. A certificate of occupancy is issued for compliant work, not as a record of uninspected work.

Reference: IRC 2024 Section R109 (inspections)
3. Code Administration

Two IRC sections seem to give different rules for the same detail: one is a general provision and the other addresses that exact detail. Which governs?

  1. The one in the lower-numbered chapter
  2. The stricter one in every case
  3. The one the permit holder chooses
  4. The specific one
Hint: where to look

Where to look: Section R102. Read that part before you pick an answer.

Show answer and explanation

Answer: D. The specific one

Section R102 covers two kinds of conflict: where sections simply set different requirements, the most restrictive governs, but where a general requirement conflicts with a specific one, the specific one applies. The stem describes a general versus specific conflict, so the specific rule governs. That is also why the stricter rule does not win in every case. Chapter order has no bearing on which rule applies. The permit holder does not pick which code rule applies.

Reference: IRC 2024 Section R102 (applicability)

The ICC B1 course

Available now · instant access

Ready for the rest? The full course

  • 7modules of lessonsEvery task on the outline
  • 2full-length timed exams60 questions in 120 minutes each
  • 300practice questionsEach one explained
  • 4worked calculationsStep by step
  • 60code-navigation drillsFind it fast in IRC
  • 1week-by-week study planSet to your exam date
See all 7 modules
  1. How the IRC works and how an inspector uses it
  2. Planning: separations, siting and room sizes
  3. Footings and foundations
  4. Floors, slabs and crawl spaces
  5. Walls: framing, bracing, masonry and coverings
  6. Roofs, attics and chimneys
  7. Life safety: egress, stairs, alarms and glazing

Question bank and timed exams · Expert review in progress: questions marked Reviewed were checked by a building inspection professional with 15 years in the industry (Oct 19, 2026). The newest questions are still being reviewed. Every answer key is confirmed by a separate blind solve, and reported errors are fixed within 2 business days.

Questions are original and written to ICC's published content outline. Code is cited by section number so you can look it up in your own copy. Think something is wrong? Report it.